TypeError: initial_value must be str or None, not bytes

[PeterPython]

Hi all

Here is a snapshot of my code:

for num in data[0].split():
    typ, data = mail.fetch(num,'(RFC822)')


    for response_part in data:
        if isinstance(response_part, tuple):
            msg = email.message_from_string(response_part[1])

Error comes from:

msg = email.message_from_string(response_part[1])

Error message:

TypeError: initial_value must be str or None, not bytes

Have been looking at google for an hour now, and Ive tried playing around with the is.BytesIO and StringIO but I just cant get it working. The problem seems to have something to do with the difference between Python 2 and 3.

Kind Regards,
Peter

---

I tried:

msg = io.StringIO(email.message_from_string(response_part[1]))

Doesn't help

Br, Peter

[snippsat]

Try:

msg = email.message_from_string(response_part[1].decode())

Everything that comes in from outside into Python 3 most have a encoding so it will be Unicode,
if not it will be bytes.
That's because Python 3 has full Unicode support and will not mix stuff together in a string like Python 2 did.

>>> s = b'hello'
>>> type(s)
<class 'bytes'>

# Convert to string(which is Unicode bye default Python 3)
>>> s.decode()
'hello'
>>> # Same as 
>>> s.decode('utf-8')
'hello'
>>> type(s.decode())
<class 'str'>

[PeterPython]

Brilliant it works as a charm..

Many thanks!
Br, Peter