I am not as familiar with Linux as other members are, but this may help you get started. I will also add that when I do need root permissions, I simply log on as root (and no, I don't want to start a debate on the pros and cons of using root).
Usually I use the command
ls -al
. This lists all files and directories, even hidden ones (those that start with a '.'), it also shows the permissions, owner, group, etc.
An example:
drwxr-xr-x 2 pi pi 4096 Apr 25 2017 .arduino
-rw------- 1 pi pi 7130 May 6 2017 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 220 Mar 3 2017 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 3512 Mar 3 2017 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x 9 pi pi 4096 Apr 25 2017 .cache
We see the owner and group are both 'pi' (I'm on a raspberry pi at the moment), owner pi has read,write and execute permissions, members of pi's group and all others have read and execute permissions only.
If we look at the .cache directory, we see that 'pip' is a directory also owned by user 'pi'. group members and others have no permissions.
pi@raspi:~ $ cd .cache
pi@raspi:~/.cache $ ls -al
total 36
drwxr-xr-x 9 pi pi 4096 Apr 25 2017 .
drwxr-xr-x 38 pi pi 4096 Dec 30 09:46 ..
drwx------ 3 pi pi 4096 Apr 25 2017 chromium
drwxr-xr-x 2 pi pi 4096 Apr 16 2017 fontconfig
drwxr-xr-x 3 pi pi 4096 Mar 3 2017 lxsession
drwxr-xr-x 3 pi pi 4096 Apr 15 2017 matplotlib
drwx------ 2 pi pi 4096 Dec 29 11:00 menus
drwxr-xr-x 3 pi pi 4096 Dec 30 09:46 openbox
drwx------ 3 pi pi 4096 Apr 11 2017 pip
pi@raspi:~/.cache $
My guess is (and correct me if I'm wrong), but your permissions are correct, but the owner and group may be set to 'root'?
Also, please do not post screen captures, rather use the 'copy' feature of the terminal and then paste on this site between the code tags.
If it ain't broke, I just haven't gotten to it yet.
OS: Windows 10, openSuse 42.3, freeBSD 11, Raspian "Stretch"
Python 3.6.5, IDE: PyCharm 2018 Community Edition