a better way to code this to fix a URL?

[Gribouillis]

i just want to keep it simple and obvious or well explained in comments.

You can simplify it a bit because you don't need to match the 'h'. Here it is with a clear comment

import re
 
# replace any of //, ://, s://, ps://, tps://, ttps:// by https:// at beginning of url
url = re.sub(r'^(?:(?:(?:(?:t?t)?p)?s)?\:)?//', 'https://', url)