Object attribute

[ichabod801]

I'm not sure about func.a, but the others are basic use of namespaces. Namespaces are collections of names mapped to Python objects. Two of the common ones are modules and classes (like list). You use the dot operator to access the names in the namespace. There are lots of details in the Python tutorial.

The list.append() case is special. This is a bound method of a list class instance. That means it has special features that allow it to operate on the instance it is called from. There is a class tutorial link in my signature below that has details on that and a whole lot of other stuff.