call a variable from one function to another ...

[evilcode1]

hello all ...
i need to call this variable ( filename )from function qassam() inside another fileex() ..
this is my code :

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import os def qassam():         filename = "/root/Downloads/scapy.txt"         #return filename     def fileex():     filename = qassam     if os.path.isfile(filename):         print("is there")     else:         print("else ... ")           fileex()

error :

Error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/tmp/ArpScanner/arp.py", line 15, in <module>
    fileex()
  File "/tmp/ArpScanner/arp.py", line 10, in fileex
    if os.path.isfile(filename):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/genericpath.py", line 37, in isfile
    st = os.stat(path)
TypeError: coercing to Unicode: need string or buffer, function found

[Windspar]

Function variables are local to function. They cannot be shared.

options.
maybe have function return variable.

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import os def qassam():     filename = "/root/Downloads/scapy.txt"     return filename       def fileex():     filename = qassam()     if os.path.isfile(filename):         print("is there")     else:         print("else ... ")            fileex()

Make shared variables

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import os   class ShareVariables:     filename = ""   def qassam():     ShareVariables.filename = "/root/Downloads/scapy.txt"       def fileex():     if os.path.isfile(ShareVariables.filename):         print("is there")     else:         print("else ... ")   qassum()         fileex()

My least favorite. Have global variable

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import os filename = ""   def qassam():     global filename     filename = "/root/Downloads/scapy.txt"       def fileex():     if os.path.isfile(filename):         print("is there")     else:         print("else ... ")   qassum()         fileex()

[evilcode1]

but how its work while its not global ??? i try to use return and its working :

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import os   def qassam():         filename = "/root/Downloads/scapy.txt"         return filename     def fileex():     filename = qassam()     #x = filename     print(filename)     if os.path.isfile(str(filename)):         print("is there")     else:         print("else ... ")           fileex()

[Windspar]

Roughly. Low level stuff.
Anytime a function return a variable.
It is put on the stack.
Function closes.
Then stack item is assign to variable.

---

python bytecode.

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import os import dis   def qassam():     filename = "/root/Downloads/scapy.txt"     return filename     def fileex():     filename = qassam()     if os.path.isfile(filename):         print("is there")     else:         print("else ... ")   dis.dis(fileex)

Output:
 10           0 LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (qassam)
              2 CALL_FUNCTION            0
              4 STORE_FAST               0 (filename)

 11           6 LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (os)
              8 LOAD_ATTR                2 (path)
             10 LOAD_METHOD              3 (isfile)
             12 LOAD_FAST                0 (filename)
             14 CALL_METHOD              1
             16 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE       28

 12          18 LOAD_GLOBAL              4 (print)
             20 LOAD_CONST               1 ('is there')
             22 CALL_FUNCTION            1
             24 POP_TOP
             26 JUMP_FORWARD             8 (to 36)

 14     >>   28 LOAD_GLOBAL              4 (print)
             30 LOAD_CONST               2 ('else ... ')
             32 CALL_FUNCTION            1
             34 POP_TOP
        >>   36 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
             38 RETURN_VALUE

[gruntfutuk]

You do need to call the first function at some point if you want to exploit it later.

One approach, rather than returning a value or using globals is to set an attribute:

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import os def qassam():         qassam.filename = "words.csv"    def fileex():     filename = qassam.filename     if os.path.isfile(filename):         print("is there")     else:         print("else ... ")   qassam()         fileex()