[PyGame] Problem With Entering Game Loop

[ElevenDecember]

I"m currently working on a small project for a computer class, in which we need to make a basic game. I'm using Thonny as well as the PyGame module.

The problem I'm facing is that the program starts fine, however when I click the "Play" button on the start menu (not in editor), instead of entering into the main game loop, the program closes instead.

Feedback would be appreciated, as even the teacher had no solution.

Thank you!

Code:

#-------------------------
#Snake Game Final Project
#Steven Bailey
#January 8th 2020
#-------------------------

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#------------------------- #Snake Game Final Project #Steven Bailey #January 8th 2020 #-------------------------   import pygame import time import random #game initilization   pygame.init() pygame.font.init()   clock = pygame.time.Clock()   def text_objects(text, font,):     textSurface = font.render(text, True, white)     return textSurface, textSurface.get_rect()   # Screen size size = width, height = 500,500 win = pygame.display.set_mode((size)) pygame.display.set_caption("Snake by Steven Bailey")   #how to make the colours I want to use red = pygame.Color(255, 0, 0) bright_green = pygame.Color(0, 255, 0) white = pygame.Color(255, 255, 255) black = pygame.Color(0, 0, 0) green = pygame.Color(0, 200, 0) brown = pygame.Color(165, 42, 42)   #how to make a start menu def game_intro():     intro = True     while intro:         for event in pygame.event.get():             if event.type == pygame.QUIT:                 pygame.quit()                 quit()         win.fill(black)         largeText = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf',115)         textSurf, textRect = text_objects("Snake", largeText)         win.blit(textSurf, textRect)         button("Start",150,250,100,50,green,bright_green,"play")          pygame.display.update()         clock.tick(15)   #how to make a start button def button(msg, x,y,w,h,ic,ac,action=None):     mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()     click = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()     print(click)     if x+w > mouse[0] > x and x and y+h > mouse[1] > y:         pygame.draw.rect(win, ac, (x,y,w,h))         if click[0] == 1 and action != None:             if action == "play":                 game_loop()     if x + w > mouse[0] > x and y + h > mouse[1] > y:         pygame.draw.rect(win, ac, (x,y,w,h))     else:         pygame.draw.rect(win, ic, (x,y,w,h))     smallText = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf",20)     textSurf, textRect = text_objects(msg, smallText)     textRect.center = ( (x + (w/2)), y+(h/2) )     win.blit(textSurf, textRect)          #game over font and gameover function def game_over():     gameoverText = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf',75)     textSurf, textRect = text_objects("GAME OVER", gameoverText,)     win.blit(textSurf, textRect)     time.sleep(4)     pygame.quit()     exit()        #how to show the score def show_score(choice=1):     pygame.font.init()     SFont = pygame.font.SysFont('freesansbold.ttf', 32)     Ssurf = SFont.render("Score  :  {0}".format(score), True, black)     Srect = Ssurf.get_rect()     if choice == 1:         Srect.midtop = (80, 10)     else:         Srect.midtop = (320, 100)     win.blit(Ssurf, Srect)      # FPS controller, controls the frames per second of the game fpsController = pygame.time.Clock()   # Game settings delta = 10 snakePos = [100, 50] snakeBody = [[100, 50], [90, 50], [80, 50]] foodPos = [400, 50] foodSpawn = True change_to = '' direction = 'RIGHT' score = 0 def game_loop():     win.fill(black)     while True:         pygame.init()         for event in pygame.event.get():             if event.type == pygame.QUIT:                 pygame.quit()                      elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:                 changeto = ''                 if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == pygame.K_d:                     change_to = 'RIGHT'                 if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == pygame.K_a:                     change_to = 'LEFT'                 if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == pygame.K_w:                     change_to = 'UP'                 if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN or event.key == pygame.K_s:                     change_to = 'DOWN'                 if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:                     pygame.event.post(pygame.event.Event(pygame.QUIT))       # Validate direction         change_to = ''         direction = 'RIGHT'         if change_to == 'RIGHT' and direction != 'LEFT':             direction = changeto         if change_to == 'LEFT' and direction != 'RIGHT':             direction = changeto         if change_to == 'UP' and direction != 'DOWN':             direction = changeto         if change_to == 'DOWN' and direction != 'UP':             direction = change_to       # Update snake position         delta = 10         snakePos = [100, 50]         if direction == 'RIGHT':             snakePos[0] += delta         if direction == 'LEFT':             snakePos[0] -= delta         if direction == 'DOWN':             snakePos[1] += delta         if direction == 'UP':             snakePos[1] -= delta       # Snake body mechanism         snakeBody = [[100, 50], [90, 50], [80, 50]]         snakePos = [100, 50]         foodSpawn = True         foodPos = [400, 50]         snakeBody.insert(0, list(snakePos))         if snakePos == foodPos:             foodSpawn = False             score += 1         else:             snakeBody.pop()         if foodSpawn == False:             foodPos = [random.randrange(1, width // 10) * delta, random.randrange(1, height // 10) * delta]             foodSpawn = True         for pos in snakeBody:             pygame.draw.rect(win, green, pygame.Rect(pos[0], pos[1], delta, delta))         pygame.draw.rect(win, brown, pygame.Rect(foodPos[0], foodPos[1], delta, delta))         show_score     # Bounds         if snakePos[0] >= width or snakePos[0] < 0:             game_over()         if snakePos[1] >= height or snakePos[1] < 0:             game_over()       # Self hit         for block in snakeBody[1:]:             if snakePos == block:                 game_over()         fpsController.tick(20) game_intro() game_loop()

[michael1789]

It's going straight to the game_over() on 174.

[ElevenDecember]

It's going straight to the game_over() on 174.

Thanks for your response. How would I go about fixing this issue?

[michael1789]

On 137 AND on 149 you set snakePos = [100, 50]. This is also the same as your snakeBody, so

1 2	for block in snakeBody[1:]:            if snakePos == block:

will always be the case. And your snake can't move because every frame you set snakePos and snakeBody to the same thing. So the first thing to fix would be to not do this. I've never made a snake game, but my first impulse is to define these variables before the game loop starts, and not have your snake's head in the snakeBody list. The head can't collide with itself anyway, so there is no need for it there. As long as it's in there you'll trigger game over. I'm a newb to all this too, so the solution isn't immediately obvious to me, but I'm pretty sure this is the problem to solve.