Return values for use outside of function

[willowman]

Hi all,

I have written a function which contains a loop which gradually builds a displacement vector. I would like to plot this generated displacement vector against time once the loop has completed the calculation of displacement for all time steps.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77

# Set constants   tvector = t # tVector is an array holding the time vector f1vector = 0 f2vector = F2 f3vector = F3 xi = 0.025 omega_n = OmegaC omega_d = OmegaC*((1-0.025**2)**0.5) k = modalK[0,0] delta_t = t[1]-t[0] u_0 = 0 v_0 = 0 n = 0   #Function to calculate displacement from a time and force vector   def calculateResponse(tvector, f2vector, f3vector):           # Compute constants A1-D1 (captures dynamic characteristics of the system)     A = math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((xi/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+np.cos(omega_d*delta_t))     B = math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((1/omega_d*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)))     C = (1/k)*(((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t)) + math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((((1-2*(xi**2))/(omega_d*delta_t))-(xi/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2)))))*math.sin(omega_d*delta_t)-(1+((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t)))*np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))     D = (1/k)*(1-((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t))+math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*(((2*(xi**2)-1)/(omega_d*delta_t))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t))*np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))     A1 = -math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((omega_n/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t))     B1 = math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*(np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)-((xi)/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t))     C1 =(1/k)*(-(1/delta_t)+math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((((omega_n)/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))+((xi)/(delta_t*math.sqrt(1-(xi**2)))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+(1/delta_t)*np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))     D1 =(1/k)*((1/delta_t)-(math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)/delta_t)*((xi/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))       u_n = u_0       v_n = v_0       uVector = [u_n]       vVector = [v_n]           print (uVector)           for n, timestep in enumerate(tvector):       # Extract the force values at the beginning and end of this timestep           F_n = f1vector + (0.00313418*f2vector[n]) + (0.00505446*f3vector[n])         #print (n)         #print (F_n)                   if n == (len(tvector)) - 1 :             F_n_1 = F_n             #print (F_n_1)                                  else:                           F_n_1 = f1vector + (0.00382305*f2vector[n+1]) + (0.00505446*f3vector[n+1])                       #print (F_n_1)                                     u_n_1 = A*u_n+B*v_n+C*F_n+D*F_n_1           v_n_1 = A1*u_n+B1*v_n+C1*F_n+D1*F_n_1           uVector.append(u_n_1)               vVector.append(v_n_1)       # Update the initial conditions (for use on next iteration of for loop)           u_n = u_n_1                      v_n = v_n_1               #print (uVector)           return (uVector)   systemResponse = calculateResponse(tvector, f2vector, f3vector)

When I run this code I get this error.

Error:
[0]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-136-62a772ba4a52> in <module>
     81 
     82 
---> 83 print (uVector)

NameError: name 'uVector' is not defined

I made a quick check that uVector was being created properly within the for loop by printing once the loop was finished by adding the following to the code:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77

# Set constants   tvector = t # tVector is an array holding the time vector f1vector = 0 f2vector = F2 f3vector = F3 xi = 0.025 omega_n = OmegaC omega_d = OmegaC*((1-0.025**2)**0.5) k = modalK[0,0] delta_t = t[1]-t[0] u_0 = 0 v_0 = 0 n = 0   #Function to calculate displacement from a time and force vector   def calculateResponse(tvector, f2vector, f3vector):           # Compute constants A1-D1 (captures dynamic characteristics of the system)     A = math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((xi/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+np.cos(omega_d*delta_t))     B = math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((1/omega_d*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)))     C = (1/k)*(((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t)) + math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((((1-2*(xi**2))/(omega_d*delta_t))-(xi/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2)))))*math.sin(omega_d*delta_t)-(1+((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t)))*np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))     D = (1/k)*(1-((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t))+math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*(((2*(xi**2)-1)/(omega_d*delta_t))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+((2*xi)/(omega_n*delta_t))*np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))     A1 = -math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((omega_n/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t))     B1 = math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*(np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)-((xi)/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t))     C1 =(1/k)*(-(1/delta_t)+math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)*((((omega_n)/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))+((xi)/(delta_t*math.sqrt(1-(xi**2)))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+(1/delta_t)*np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))     D1 =(1/k)*((1/delta_t)-(math.e**(-xi*omega_n*delta_t)/delta_t)*((xi/(math.sqrt(1-(xi**2))))*np.sin(omega_d*delta_t)+np.cos(omega_d*delta_t)))       u_n = u_0       v_n = v_0       uVector = [u_n]       vVector = [v_n]           print (uVector)           for n, timestep in enumerate(tvector):       # Extract the force values at the beginning and end of this timestep           F_n = f1vector + (0.00313418*f2vector[n]) + (0.00505446*f3vector[n])         #print (n)         #print (F_n)                   if n == (len(tvector)) - 1 :             F_n_1 = F_n             #print (F_n_1)                                  else:                           F_n_1 = f1vector + (0.00382305*f2vector[n+1]) + (0.00505446*f3vector[n+1])                       #print (F_n_1)                                     u_n_1 = A*u_n+B*v_n+C*F_n+D*F_n_1           v_n_1 = A1*u_n+B1*v_n+C1*F_n+D1*F_n_1           uVector.append(u_n_1)               vVector.append(v_n_1)       # Update the initial conditions (for use on next iteration of for loop)           u_n = u_n_1                      v_n = v_n_1               print (uVector)           return (uVector)   systemResponse = calculateResponse(tvector, f2vector, f3vector)

And the output is as expected.

Output:
[0, 0.00011831004537829503, 0.0006849483306082231, 0.0023220314106007817, 0.005293307226704513, 0.010539345065170538, 0.018893679127418687, 0.030886890310690307, 0.047005486264238366, 0.06706645152843715, 0.0909185769226359, 0.1185924427430188, 0.15030821956229495, 0.18587497429363395, 0.22484493048446996, 0.26722094089203824, 0.31227402234149865, 0.35957272182711403, 0.40921037179173364, 0.46043750913559034, 0.5122199213799024, 0.5643595068373557, 0.6155033562254681, 0.6650471478122503, 0.7125315968886307, 0.7569376799567396, 0.7977384869753286, 0.8339281228741673, 0.8649852705391295, 0.8905438210062928, 0.9108158652429355, 0.925847816796332, 0.9349845664972962, 0.9384343659004083, 0.936699235920457, 0.9297777268206677, 0.9173148662887954,....

I need uVector to be available outside the function in order to plot it.

Please any help would be massively appreciated!!

[buran]

your function returns uVector (no need of the brackets, by the way) and you assign the value returned by the function to systemResponse. You must use that name, not uVector (which is local to function scope only, i.e. it doesn't exists outside the function).
By the way, instead of systemResponse you can use uVector, without any problem, if that name is more meaningful, e.g.

1	uVector = calculateResponse(tvector, f2vector, f3vector)